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Global Positioning Systems (GPS) was originally developed by the US Armed Forces to help with naval and overland navigation. GPS uses a constellation of satellites to beam down encoded time signatures to receivers on the surface. By tracking the delay between when the time code says the signal was sent and when it actually arrived, GPS uses Einstein’s theory of relativity and four signals (three if altitude is known) to provide accurate tracking down to about two meters. GPS technology has been moving into the commercial sphere from the military since the 1990s.

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